The World Does Not End, and Equities Never Die

In a world filled with uncertainties and rapid changes, one thing remains constant: the persistence of human ingenuity and innovation. The adage “the world does not end, and equities never die” serves as a reminder of our ability to adapt, evolve, and find new opportunities even in the face of adversity.

A Resilient World

“The world does not end” is a statement that reflects the undeniable fact that no matter how dire circumstances may seem, humanity has a remarkable capacity to endure and persevere. Throughout history, we have faced numerous challenges, from wars and economic crises to natural disasters and pandemics. Yet, each time, we have emerged from these trials stronger and more resilient than before.

The global economy, for instance, has weathered its fair share of crises, from the Great Depression of the 1930s to the financial turmoil of 2008. In each case, the world did not come to an end. Instead, it adapted and rebuilt, demonstrating the remarkable resilience of human society.

Equities never die” refers to the enduring value of assets and investments, especially in the context of financial markets. It emphasizes that, despite market fluctuations and temporary setbacks, long-term investments have historically shown an ability to recover and grow over time.

This concept is particularly relevant in the world of stocks. While stock markets can experience volatility and sharp declines, history has consistently demonstrated their capacity to rebound and reach new heights. This is a reflection of the underlying strength of the Indian economy and the potential for equities to provide substantial returns over extended periods.


Every crisis in the past has been followed by a recovery and further upside.  Sensex (1980-till date):A

India outperformed despite following crises, events and volatility:

 

Episodes of Domestic Political Uncertainty

  • 8 coalition governments

  • 3 different governments between 1996 and 1998

  • A government that lasted only 13 days in 1996

  • Prime Ministers that many have not heard of: H.D. Deve Gowda; I.K. Gujral

  • 17% fall in market in a day due to surprise change of govt in 2004

 

Other India Specific Events from 1998 to 2015

  • US sanctions after India’s nuclear tests, May 1998

  • Limited war with Pakistan in Kargil in 1999

  • Serious stock market scandal in 2001

  • Terrorist attack on Indian parliament in2001

  • 26/11 terrorist attacks in Mumbai

  • Corruption cases & arrest of billionaires/ministers /senior bureaucrats in 2011/12

  • Back-to-back drought years in 2014 and 2015

 

Global Market Crashes and Crises since 1997

  • Asian Crisis in 1997

  • Russian crisis in 1998 (India has had historically strong trading ties with Russia)

  • Bursting of technology bubble in 2000

  • 9/11

  • Global Financial Crisis in 2008

  • Tech sell off, end of QE and rising inflation(since 2022)

 

Recent Key Events Since 2016

  • Demonetization (2016)

  • NBFC Crises (2018/2019)

  • COVID (2020-2022)

  • Lockdowns (2020-2022)

  • Rate hikes globally

There is always a reason not to buy Equities. Yet despite several intermittent crises, Indian Equities have gone up over the long run mirroring earnings growth:

Despite challenges and uncertainties, the Indian stock market continues to evolve and grow. Investors who approach the market with a long-term perspective, diversification, and a thorough understanding of the regulatory landscape can find opportunities amidst the volatility.

 

India’s resilience in the face of crises has been stark, and the clean-up and reforms alongside various crises have set the stage for India to outperform over the coming decades.

Global Banking Giants Are Betting Big on India’s Growth Story

India has been structurally outperforming other markets by a significant margin in the past (even in USD terms) 

Prominent global investment banks have recently upgraded India’s status to “overweight” in their portfolios, underlining the nation’s robust economic fundamentals and alluring valuations. This development holds significant promise for both the Indian economy and its capital markets, reflecting the confidence of investment experts in India’s potential for growth in the forthcoming years.

Key statements from investment bankers in recent times include:

  • In October 2023, JP Morgan raised India’s status to “overweight,” citing the nation’s strong GDP growth, appealing risk-adjusted returns, and favorable historical seasonality preceding general elections.

  • CLSA increased India’s portfolio allocation from “40%underweight” to “20% overweight” in October 2023, emphasizing India’s solid economic fundamentals and attractive valuations.

  • Japan’s Nomura adjusted India’s weight from neutral to overweight in October 2023,highlighting India’s robust economic fundamentals and appealing valuation in comparison to other emerging markets.

  • Morgan Stanley upgraded India to “standout overweight, “driven by improvements in relative economic and earnings growth and a macro-stability setup well-suited to navigate a higher real rate environment.

  • The global head of equity strategy at Jefferies elevated India’s weight in the Asia ex-Japan relative portfolio, as detailed in the Greed & Fear note.

  • Goldman Sachs expressed optimism about India’s medium-term growth prospects, recommending foreign investors to increase their exposure to the emerging market due to its stable macroeconomics and strong historical track record.

Among other leading global investment firms, EQT AB from Sweden, Barings in the United States, and BlackRock have all increased their investments in India. Several sovereign wealth funds, including the Public Investment Fund of Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala Investment Co., and Qatar Investment Authority, have also expanded their investments in India.

This year our clients have inquired about investment opportunities in India at a rate we haven’t seen in over a decade. We view this renewed interest in the country as justified and likely to persist.

-Solita Marcelli, Chief Investment Officer, UBS Global Wealth

Implications of these “overweight” ratings are substantial in the long term:

  • Increased Investment: A positive stance from reputable banks can attract more foreign and domestic investors to the Indian stock market. This increased investment can drive up demand for Indian stocks, potentially leading to higher stock prices.

  • Improved Market Sentiment: Favorable outlooks from leading banks can boost investor confidence, leading to higher trading volumes and increased market activity.

  • Access to Capital: Companies listed on the stock exchange may find it easier to raise capital as investors are more willing to buy their shares.

  • Lower Cost of Capital: A positive outlook can result in a lower cost of capital for Indian companies, making it more affordable for them to borrow funds or issue new shares.

  • Sectoral Focus: Investment banks may highlight specific sectors or industries within India that they believe will outperform, leading to increased investment in those areas.

  • Boost in IPO Activity: More companies may choose to go public through initial public offerings (IPOs when they see a favorable investment climate, leading to increased IPO activity on the stock exchange.

  • Market Liquidity: Higher investor participation can increase market liquidity, making it easier for investors to buy and sell stocks.

  • Economic Confidence: A positive outlook from investment banks can boost overall economic confidence and consumer spending, positively impacting the earnings of listed companies.

  • Longer-Term Investments: Investors may consider longer-term investments in Indian stocks based on the favorable outlook, which can lead to a more stable and less speculative market.

  • Market Capitalization Growth: With more investors entering the market, the total market capitalization of the stock exchange can grow, reflecting the overall size and strength of the market.

  • Currency Appreciation: Increased foreign investment can lead to the appreciation of the Indian Rupee, which can further attract foreign investors and provide stability for investors.

  • Research and Analysis: Investment banks with an overweight stance often provide in-depth research and analysis, which can help investors make informed decisions and navigate the Indian stock market effectively.

The Hard Decision Warren Buffett Made 30 Years Ago

In the ever-evolving world of finance and investing, one name stands out for its enduring success and wisdom: Warren Buffett. What truly distinguishes him is not solely his remarkable wealth but also the pivotal decisions he has made throughout his illustrious career.

 

One such decision, which has become a remarkable case study in the world of finance, took place in the early 1990s when Warren Buffett faced a critical choice: to invest in stocks or bonds.

 

During that period, a 30-year government bond offered an attractive interest rate of 6.15%, while the dividends from his shortlisted companies, Coca-Cola and American Express, stood at 5.7% and 3.15%,respectively. For many conservative investors, the allure of the higher bond interest rate might have been compelling. However, Warren Buffett, known for his long-term vision and deep understanding of investing dynamics, chose to invest in stocks.

 

Fast forward to today, and the results of that decision are nothing short of remarkable. The bond still holds its original value ($1.3 billion), while the investments in Coca-Cola and American Express have appreciated exponentially. A$1.3 billion investment in Coca-Cola is now valued at $25 billion, and the same $1.3 billion in American Express has grown to $22 billion. Moreover, the dividends generated from these investments today stand at $704 million for Coca-Cola and $302 million for American Express, far surpassing the interest Buffett would have earned today ($80 million) on his bond investment had he made that choice 30 years ago.

In Buffett’s own words, “If you had to choose between buying long-term bonds or equities, I would choose equities in a minute.”

 

This compelling story serves as a testament to the power of long-term investment strategies and the foresight of a true financial genius. It reminds us of the potential rewards that come with investing in stocks when viewed from a perspective that extends beyond the short term.

 

Please feel free to reach out if you have any questions or thoughts on this topic or any other financial matters.

MONTHLY MARKET UPDATE & OUTLOOK – SEPTEMBER’23

India’s bond moment

Indian government bonds have successfully secured a coveted position in JP Morgan’s Emerging Markets bond indices. This accomplishment is a significant milestone for the Indian financial market and holds substantial implications for global investors and the broader economic landscape.

 

JP Morgan, a renowned financial services institution with diverse interests encompassing commercial banking, asset management, and index research and development, curates a suite of bond indices that are tailored to various countries and regions. These indices serve a pivotal role in international finance, akin to the role played by benchmark indices like NIFTY 50 or SENSEX in the equities domain, but with a focus on the fixed-income market.

 

The primary function of these bond indices lies in facilitating international investors’ access to a diverse array of bond offerings from different countries. Until recently, India had not featured within any of JP Morgan’s bond indices. However, this landscape is set to undergo a transformative shift, as India is poised to become an integral component of JP Morgan’s prestigious Emerging Market bond indices.

 

Commencing from June 28, 2024, India will be accorded a 1% weight within the index. This allocation is planned to incrementally increase by 1% each month, culminating in a cap of 10% by March31, 2025. The implications of this development are profound, as it portends a substantial influx of foreign investments into Indian government bonds.

 

Estimations suggest that the inclusion of Indian government bonds in JP Morgan’s indices has the potential to attract a considerable sum. Edelweiss Mutual Fund has reported that JP Morgan’s global bond indices presently account for a substantial US$ 213 billion worth of investments by global investors. It is reasonable to anticipate that a 10%weight allocation could translate to approximately US$ 21 billion.

 

Furthermore, Goldman Sachs has projected an influx of more than $40 billion over the next 18 months. The implications of this development can be viewed through three distinct lenses:

 

1. Deepening of the Bond Market: This development is highly favorable for individuals and institutions with fixed-income portfolios. Foreign investments in Indian bonds have been relatively modest, totaling around $3 billion in 2023. Consequently, an anticipated influx of approximately $40 billion over the next 18 months represents a substantial shift. Additionally, the inclusion of India in JP Morgan’s indices may prompt other leading index providers, such as Bloomberg and FTSE, to follow suit, further expanding the scope of foreign investment in the Indian bond market. It is noteworthy that the Indian government has been actively striving to deepen the country’s bond markets over recent years, evidenced by initiatives such as the launch of Bharat Bond ETFs for retail investors and the establishment of the RBI Retail Direct portal. The magnitude of foreign investments anticipated in the wake of this development can be instrumental in further maturing the Indian bond market.

 

2. Positive Spillover into Equity Markets: The positive implications extend beyond the fixed-income space. Banks in India are prominent investors in government bonds. The expected inflows resulting from the inclusion of Indian government bonds in JP Morgan’s indices can potentially drive up prices of Government Securities (G-Secs). This, in turn, stands to benefit banking institutions over the long term.

 

3. Support for the Rupee: Currency dynamics are also influenced by foreign investments. Inflows of dollars into India tend to strengthen the Indian rupee, while outflows have the opposite effect. With foreign investors poised to invest significantly in Indian government bonds, a corresponding inflow of dollars is anticipated. This has the potential to provide crucial support to the Indian currency, which carries implications for broader economic stability.

 

In conclusion, the inclusion of Indian government bonds in JP Morgan’s Emerging Markets bond indices represents a watershed moment in the international financial landscape. It not only signifies a remarkable step in the globalization of India’s financial markets but also holds the promise of substantial economic benefits, from the deepening of the bond market to positive spillover effects in the equity space and the reinforcement of the Indian rupee.

Financially rich vs. a rich life:

Quote of the month

Doing well with money has a little to do with how smart you are and a lot to do with how you behave.

 

The proper financial mindset is to be scared enough to save for the short run and brave enough to invest for the long run.

 

– Morgan Housel, Partner, Collaborative Fund

From the global leaders:

The Indian macro dataflow has continued to exhibit resilience and strength across various key indicators:

 

  • Manufacturing PMI: In September 2023, the Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) registered a value of 57.5. It remained within the expansion zone (>50) for the 27th consecutive month.

  • Services PMI: India’s services sector strengthened further in September, witnessing strongest output in 13 years. India’s services PMI stood at 61 in September, up from 60.1 in August. The reading was above the 50-mark separating growth from contraction for a 26th consecutive month.

  • GST Collection: September 2023 witnessed GST collections amounting to Rs. 1.62 trillion, reflecting an 10% year-on-year increase. This achievement marked the nineteenth consecutive month of collections surpassing the Rs. 1.4 trillion threshold.

  • Inflation: On the domestic economy front, the August CPI decreased to 6.83% from 7.44% in July 2023. In August, WPI inflation continued to remain in deflation, although its pace slowed, as it declined to -0.5% compared with -1.4% in July.

  • Foreign Exchange Reserves: India’s forex reserves drop for 4th week, fall to over 5-month low of $586.91 billion.

  • Trade Deficit: India being net importer of oil, high crude prices resulted in rupee depreciation & higher trade deficit. The trade deficit in August was $24.16 billion, almost 17% wider than July’s $20.67 billion gap.

Equity Market Overview:

  • In September, the tug of war between the bulls and the bears intensified after Nifty breached the 20,000 mark on 11th September.

  • The Nifty and the Sensex rose 2% and 1.5% respectively in the month.

  • Midcap outperformed the largecap indices registering 3.7% gains, while smallcap underperformed the largecap indices registering 1.1% gains

  • FIIs had been net buyers since March 2023 but turned major sellers in September with net selling of Rs. 14,768 cr (USD 1.77 Bn).

  • On the sectoral indices front, Power (+7.1%), Metal (+6.4%), Capital Goods (+5.6%), Oil & Gas (+3.1%), Auto (+3.1%), Realty (+3.1%) outperformed the indices while, Consumables (+1.8%), IT (+1.7%), Bankex (+1.6%), FMCG (+1.2%) underperformed the key indices during the month.

  • Mutual Funds’ Systematic Investment Plans (SIPs) achieved an unprecedented milestone, reaching Rs. 16,402 crore for the first time. This highlights the strong confidence Indian investors have in equities.

Fixed Income Landscape:

  • Indian bonds were relatively resilient as well, as the announcement of India’s inclusion in JP Morgan GBI-EM bond index helped offset the pressure from rising global yields.

  • Indian 10-year yields still moved higher by 5 bps for the month to end at 7.22% versus 7.16% a month ago.

  • Systematic liquidity continued to be in the deficit in line with reserve banks of India’s objective to ensure tighter front end of the curve. After a brief period of positive liquidity at the beginning of the month the deficit rose to a high of Rs. 1.5TN. The relief on account of I-CRR was negated by tax outflows.

Market Outlook:

  • Concerns have arisen regarding the ‘Goldilocks‘ narrative of the Indian economy due to the convergence of weak global indicators and a softening of domestic macroeconomic factors. In the context of economics, ‘Goldilocks‘ signifies a state in which a nation experiences a period of both ‘High Growth’ and ‘Low Inflation.’

  • Over the long term, it is plausible that India’s ‘Goldilocks’ story will remain resilient. However, in the immediate future, this may not be the case, primarily due to persistently high inflation and a potential softening of economic growth. Several factors contribute to this near-term uncertainty, including the rural-urban growth disparity, the impact of deficient rainfall on inflation and demand, the global economic slowdown affecting exports, and the influence of rising crude oil prices on external sector risks. Consequently, the near-term outlook for the ‘Goldilocks’ scenario appears uncertain.

  • Nevertheless, there are compelling reasons for optimism over the long term. These include a robust capital expenditure (capex) momentum, sustainable government revenues, healthy corporate profitability, a growing emphasis on indigenization, favorable demographic trends, and resilient bank balance sheets. As a result, the long-term economic perspective for India remains bright and clear.